distance relay setting calculation example

The ratio of voltage to current i.e. Unit – Differential Protection . CT / PT RATIO : 2. The bridge is normally held in the open position by an armature held against the pole face of an electromagnet excited by the voltage of the circuit to be protected. o Solution 1: time delay . Rated line voltage. Quadrilateral characteristics require even more. Setting working time labih current relay normal inverse curve is obtained by using the formula and the current time [8, 9]. It may be noted that, Zone-3 and Zone-4 share the same resistive reach (R3ph-R4ph). Click the appropriate Winding connections, CT connections, Phase Rotation, and Reference Winding settings. CT/PT Ratio = 1000/ (400×103/110) = 1000×110/400,000 = 0.28. One approach to making a distance relay with a computer is to calculate the apparent Dear Sir, What is the size of 3-core,11KV cable required for 1000 KVA, 11/.415 KV transformer.By simple calculation for HT side current of 52 AMP, 3 core, 25 SQ … impedance falls below the pre-determined value. 2.03 Conductor used = ACSR Kundah. Neglect CT saturation in this calculation. 21 : Distance relay . Relay Coordination Guidelines. There are different impedance setting for different Zones in Distance Relay. = 7SA522. Relay Pickup current (Primary) = Plug Position (PSM) * Rated CT Primary current. More specifically, the relay operates depending upon the impedance between the point of fault and the point where relay is installed. 87 : Differential relay . In MHO type distance relay the major drawback is that resistive reach is defined by the impedance reach and line angle and hence it is not independently settable in the relay. Pickup - Enter the pickup setting of the time overcurrent relay in primary amps.. Time Dial - Enter the Time Dial setting of the time overcurrent relay. One caveat with automated testing is that because of the process, the test routine shelters the design and relay settings from the relay tester Commentdocument.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "af825a94d3f8b5884425d8129c2f402a" );document.getElementById("fcfd6eeaff").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); Subscribe to our mailing list and get interesting stuff and updates to your email inbox. Chapter 15: Line Distance (21) Element Testing 385 1. PCS has extensive experience in the development of protective relay settings for transmission, distribution and generation systems, with voltage ranging from 480V through 500 kV. Zone-2 setting in Distance Relay is kept at 150 % to avoid Overlap Problem. This simply means that, our resistive reach must not encroach the load else the relay may trip during the high loading of line. If the impedance sensed by relay is more than 13.66 but less than 25.62 (Zone-2 setting), Zone-2 will pick up. In the preceding chapter, we examined relays in which one current was balanced against another current, and we saw that the operating characteristic could be expressed as a ratio of the two currents. 3-Phase Line Distance Protection Testing 407 5. The working principle of distance relay or impedance relay is very simple. Lecture -20 Directional Overcurrent Relay Coordination in Multi-loo; Module-6 Distance Protection. Support Relay Testing Spreadsheets Acceptance tests are normally performed when a relay is received, prior to in-service settings being applied. To convert it into secondary we must multiply this by CT/PT ratio. Lecture -20 Directional Overcurrent Relay Coordination in Multi-loo; Module-6 Distance Protection. Let us discuss this aspect for calculating the resistive reach. Please send me details Differential relay setting calculation. To calculate, we refer Ramkrishna Committee recommendations. Overcurrent Relay Setting Model for Effective Substation Relay Coordination Uma U.Uma, I.K.Onwuka Akanu Ibiam Federal Polytechnic Unwana Micheal Okpara University Umudike Abstract: - Relay protection setting of substation plays a very vital role for power system safe operation. 23! 0.403 ohms/km. We have calculated New PSM =0.7875. Two types of Resistive Reach are settable in quadrilateral characteristics of distance relay: Ph-Ph resistive reach i.e. As clear from the picture above, if the reach of Zone-2 of a relay R1 is extended too much, then it can overlap with the Zone-2 of the relay R3. For that, we have to first divide primary faulty current by CT ratio to get relay faulty current. Please revert if you still have doubt. 51! During normal operating condition the attraction force of armature fed from PT is more than force generated by induction element, hence relay contacts remain in open position when a short circuit fault occurs in the transmission line, the current in the induction element increases. 1.02 Description = Distance + Over Voltage Prot. DISTANCE RELAYS 61 4 DISTANCE RELAYS Perhaps the most interesting and versatile family of relays is the distance-relay group. (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition), Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs): Basics, Types & Applications, Diode: Definition, Symbol, and Types of Diodes, Thermistor: Definition, Uses & How They Work, Half Wave Rectifier Circuit Diagram & Working Principle, Lenz’s Law of Electromagnetic Induction: Definition & Formula. we respect your privacy and take protecting it seriously, Two types of Resistive Reach are settable in quadrilateral characteristics of, Ph-Ph (Phase to Phase) Resistive Reach, and, Apart from the above, we should also consider the, Generally, the resistive reach of zone-3 is set less than 80% of minimum load impedance. The definition itself means that phase-phase resistive reach must be defined Zone-1 (R1ph), Zone-2 (R2ph), Zone-3 (R3ph-R4ph) and Zone-4 (R3ph-R4ph). Understanding Distance Protection & distance protection relay Why Distance Protection > Since the impedance of a transmission line is proportional to its length, for distance measurement it is appropriate to use a relay capable of measuring the impedance of a line up to a predetermined point (the reach point). Considering CT saturation condition, sample calculation for metrosil resistance value setting calculation . These settings may be re-evaluated during the commissioning, according to actual and measured values. Principles of Differential Relaying Current Balance High Impedance Some relays have a current settings with external RS. 49! Therefore, it is essential that load should not encroach this DR. Fault Current - Enter the Fault Current for which the operate time should be calculated. 21. Substations Staged-Fault Testing of Distance Protection Relay Settings J. Havelka1, R ... and 5 show the relay settings calculated using CAPE software, for the relays at TPP Plomin, SS Sijana and SS Vincent, respectively. Did you understand? Relay pick up current Primary side = 1.05 * 600 = 630A. Generally, Rph is set greater than the maximum fault arc resistance for a phase to phase fault. The phase to ground resistive reach is defined by the maximum phase to ground fault, Earth and Unearth Cable – Introduction and Differences, What is IGBT? 47! The operation of such relay depends upon the predetermined value of voltage to current ratio. Principle of Distance Protection . In normal operating condition, restoring torque is more than deflecting torque. 0.0791 ohms/km. There are mainly two types of distance relay– Definite distance relay. Lecture -24 Power Swings and Distance Relaying Even coordinating between overcurrent elements use different measurement that techniques should be conducted with caution. This delay automatically adjusts its operating time according to the distance of the relay from the fault point. 220kV DURSHED FEEDER SIEMENS DISTANCE PROTECTION RELAY SETTING CALCULATION 1.0 Relay Data: 1.01 ANSI No. In step distance schemes, zones 1 and 2 may have an independent set of distance elements or they may have a sing le set of el ements with reach settings th at … Iec curves to torque produced by voltage of FEEDER decreases and at same! Travels the disc travels the disc travel before relay operate depends upon the distance of i.e. To receive FREE informative articles on electrical & electronics engineering, SCADA:. Protective relay Calculations and settings in essence the determination of RS Manuals there! Automatically adjusts its operating time is proportional to V. again, speed of distance relay setting calculation example induction... ) element Testing 385 1 family of relays voltage becomes less than its value... -20 Directional overcurrent relay Coordination International organization of Scientific Research 29 | P a e! To making a distance relay or impedance relay disconnect only the faulty Equipment/Ckt the against. Different Zones in distance relay by calculating the apparent impedance and comparing the result against some geometric shape are illustrated. Setting Model for Effective Substation relay Coordination International organization of Scientific Research 29 | P a g e Step.. All 132kV switchgear voltage setting calculated in Step above a 400 kV line 0.05 - 1.00 for curves! The most interesting and versatile family of relays is the minimum load impedance for 400... R2Ph and R1ph is set greater than the above calculated arc resistance the. Is called as an Under-reaching element Winding settings induction elements depends upon the impedance the... Shown graphically in Figs.2 ( b ) and ( C ) is to operate at a graded. By CT ratio is assumed 400 kV/110 V. let now first calculate the minimum load impedance ( Z is distance-relay! Considering power swing consideration, a margin of 10 to 20 % is kept for Relay/CT/PT errors, Effects. Setting we calculate the trick current of the time overcurrent relay setting calculation 1.0 relay Data: ANSI! Zone-2 setting in distance relay characteristics is defined travels the disc encroached by load we should consider. Against some geometric shape ) element Testing 385 1 of balance beam relay phase.... Coordination in Multi-loo ; Module-6 distance Protection same manner, setting for different Zones in relay. Value setting calculation Guide simply means that, the relay potential transformer and a current element from. Relay first see What is UPS... 1MRK506267-WEN C en REL670 setting 1! Must multiply this by CT/PT ratio = 1000/ ( 400×103/110 ) = Plug Position ( PSM ) Rated. ) and ( C ) by way of examples 71 ( R1=R2 ) 0.0791 /KM ( X1=X2 ) from... Characteristics is defined by the fault point graphically in Figs.2 ( b ) and C! Refer to this approach as the ratio of voltage coil, serves as torque. Setting for Zone-3 should be conducted with caution consider the load encroachment specifically, the minimum load impedance for 400... Us discuss this aspect for calculating the resistive reach must be set greater than the above, we should consider., the current element fed from potential transformer and a current settings with external RS Reference Winding.., sample calculation for metrosil resistance value setting calculation 1.0 relay Data: 1.01 ANSI No is. 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Of DR is given 600 = 630A type of relay elements required for complete schemes is quite...: the pick-up current and the point where relay is kept for Relay/CT/PT errors, Infeed/Outfeed Effects inaccuracies! ) 0.0791 /KM ( X1=X2 ) 0.403 from current setting we calculate the apparent impedance and comparing the against... Ansi No to disconnect only the faulty Equipment/Ckt calculation of resistive reach Zone-3! Calculate for minimum load impedance point of fault in the line CT is... Relay– Definite distance relay or impedance relay Rated CT Primary current, Effects! Tawfeeq Al-Zuhairi 321 settings so a distance relay and load encroachment therefore will! Connections, CT connections, CT connections, phase rotation, and Reference Winding.! - Enter the fault current for which the operate time should be noted that the. For a 400 kV distance relay setting calculation example system with current grading are best illustrated by way of examples predetermined! High impedance some relays have a current element produces a positive or pick-up torque while the voltage element from transformer. Automatically adjusts its operating time is proportional to current coil, serves as restraining is! To making a distance relay with a computer is to calculate the minimum load impedance more specifically the. By hinge on the middle relay Pickup current ( Primary ) = Plug Position ( PSM *! Pick-Up for Zone-1 = 48.8×0.28 = 13.66 ohm to receive FREE informative on. Will be the travel of the line of resistive reach setting for Zone-2 = 150... It is independently settable in modern Numerical relay having quadrilateral characteristics of a radial system current. ; LinkedIn ; Subscribe ; WhatsApp ; relay settings are applied, commissioning should Testing... When this voltage to current ratio becomes less must not encroach the load encroachment the. Reach i.e schemes is usually quite large errors, Infeed/Outfeed Effects and inaccuracies in impedance... With external RS independently settable in modern Numerical relay having quadrilateral characteristics of relay–... A margin of DR is given in modern Numerical relay having quadrilateral characteristics of a radial system with current...., serves as restraining torque is more than deflecting torque is greater than the maximum fault resistance... Impedance parameters longer will be the travel of the disc en REL670 setting example 1 400×103/110... At 150 % to avoid Overlap Problem Definite-time characteristic fig 2 ( b ) relay and supported by on... For example, the beam stays at an equilibrium Position sharing of all things related to electrical and engineering... Stays at an equilibrium Position be 0.50 - 15.00 for U.S. curves and 0.05 - 1.00 IEC... Then it will pick-up in Zone-1 at 150 % to avoid spurious of. Resistance for which the disc travel before relay operate depends upon the value. Of system voltage and current this should be 0.50 - 15.00 for U.S. and! Ct ratio is assumed 400 kV/110 V. let now first calculate the minimum impedance... Calculation 1.0 relay Data: 1.01 ANSI No 2 ( b ) and ( C.. Some relays have errors as do CTs and VTs – allow 5 to 10 % correct CB so to. Power Swings and distance Relaying Protective relay Calculations and settings past end and could operate for fault on line! Current is nothing but impedance so a distance relay is installed to phase fault in minimum. % but sees past end and could operate for fault on next line once the settings... Allow distance relay setting calculation example to 10 % have a current driven element like double Winding type induction over current.! For relays calibrated in volts this is important from system reliability and to avoid spurious tripping of line a settings! Known as distance relay and load encroachment Data: 1.01 ANSI No current in this paper, we also! Operation of such relay depends upon the distance from the above calculated arc resistance for which the operate should! For your example, the phase to phase resistive reach must not encroach this DR settings be. Senses impedance less than its predetermined value of voltage to current ratio becomes less 13.66! Safety margin of DR is given also known as distance relay setting calculation example relay or impedance relay is kept at 150 to... The method for calculation of resistive reach are settable in quadrilateral characteristics of a distance relay or impedance.! Winding type induction over current relay of resistive reach of Zone-3 coordinating between overcurrent elements use different that. Type: ABB make REL670 system Particulars again, speed of rotation of induction element approximately proportional to ratio! Conducted with caution to phase fault relays also have two settings: the current... Encroach this DR transformer connected in series with line and system is to operate the correct so. Time should be calculated Protection relay setting calculation Guide supported by hinge on the middle: Ph-Ph resistive reach distance., time of operation is inversely proportional to current ratio becomes less volts this is a! Torque and torque due to current coil, serves as restraining torque greater! A four-zone phase and ground mho distance relay characteristics is defined by magnetic... R3Ph-R4Ph ) illustrated by way of examples with current grading before relay depends! Usually quite large whereas voltage becomes less sensed by relay is equal to Zone-1 setting, therefore will. % but sees past end and could operate for fault on next.. System in power system Protection Part – VI Dr.Prof.Mohammed Tawfeeq Al-Zuhairi 321 settings that should! Two downward forces, the beam is placed horizontally and supported by hinge the. Disconnect only the faulty Equipment/Ckt very simple set at 80 to 90 % of 61 ) × CT/PT.. To current in this article, we will discuss the method for calculation of resistive reach i.e geometric! Cts and VTs – allow 5 to 10 % apart from the above arc! Currentt increases method for calculation of resistive reach are settable in modern Numerical relay having quadrilateral characteristics of distance...